History of Kazakhstan.

“Our whole history is a product of the nature of that vast land that we have inherited. It was she who scattered us in all directions and scattered in space from the first days of our existence.”

Chaadaev P. Ya.

Sights of Kazakhstan.

Kustanai uyezd, like other uyezds of tsarist Russia, was divided into volosts. In the nineties of the XIX century, for example, in the Kustanai district there were 17 volosts - 14 Kazakh volosts and three peasant volosts, formed by immigrants from the European part of Russia.
The peasant volosts were Zatobolskaya, Alexandrovskaya and Borovskaya. Amankaragai was already among the Kazakh volosts. The center of the Amankaragai volost was first located in the villages located near the Amankaragai forest, and with the foundation of the Semiozerny forest, it began to be permanently located in it.
After the foundation of Semiozerny and other villages, the Semiozernaya peasant volost was created (the tenth years of the 20th century). Later, with the advent of new villages, two other volosts were formed: Lavrentievskaya and Timofeevskaya.
At the head of the volosts were large bais and wealthy settlers. They were appointed by the county authorities. Village elders were at the head of villages, auls were headed by aul elders. After the revolution, the Lavrentievskaya and Timofeevskaya volosts were abolished. Their territory became part of the Semiozernaya volost.
In the village of Semiozerny, starting from pre-revolutionary times and until 1928, there were administrations of two volosts: the Kazakh Amankaragai and the peasant Semiozernaya. In 1928, the volosts in our district were abolished and districts were created instead.
Having merged together, Amankaragai, Semiozernaya and neighboring territories of some adjacent volosts formed the Amankaragai administrative region. In 1930, the Kustanai district was abolished. There was an enlargement of some areas by merging them.
From most of the Amankaragai region, with the inclusion of Viktorovsky and parts of the Denisovsky and Naurmzum regions, the Semiozerny region was formed in 1930. Did the village of Semiozernoe come about?
On the territory where our village is now located, in the second half of the 19th century there was Zhakeikin aul. The winter quarters of the Kazakhs were located in the place where the brick shop and the sawmill of industrial plant No. 2 are now located.
Years passed. From the densely populated regions of the European part of Russia, more and more migrants began to arrive in the Steppe Territory. Many of them settled in Kustanai and places located close to it. Some of the settlers made their way further. In our area, immigrants appeared in the late eighties of the XIX century.
The latter is confirmed by the report on the Aulekul school for 1892. Among her students were then 29 Kazakhs and four Russians. This school was located on the shore of Uchitelskoye Lake, where the secondary school No. 1 is now. Neither Semiozerny nor other settlements in the region existed then.
The first Russian settlers of our region then served in the forest guard. Some of them were engaged in tar smoking. The number of immigrants grew. In order to form a settlement, according to the rules that existed at that time, a land surveyor had to go to the place from the county center - Kustanai. The latter cut plots for building, planned streets and squares.
Often, settlers bought land from local bais to settle villages, as well as arable and hay land. A surveyor who arrived a few years later documented the formation of already existing villages. So it happened with the village of Semiozerny.
It has been documented that the rural community, made up of settlers, was formed in our village as early as 1897. The plot for the settlement of the village was registered only in 1901. In the "List of resettlement sites of the Kustanai district for the second half of 1914" a brief description of the site on which our village was settled is given. A certain Nikitenko was at the head of the section.
Of the total area of 16,765 acres of land cut to Semiozerny, 120 acres were church and school. Our village Semiozernoe got its name in the year of its legal foundation, that is, since 1901. Soon after Semiozerny, other villages began to appear.
In the same 1901, the Yulyevsky section was cut, on which the settlement appeared in 1905. The Chernigov (Babkovsky) section was allotted in 1908, and the settlement was formed in it in 1910. Initially, the village was called Babkovsky.
Then he began to be called by the name of the province of Ukraine, where the settlers came from. According to the same principle, the name of the village was subsequently given to Kharkov (Kurttykul). All other villages that have long existed on the territory of our region of the village arose after 1912.
Before the advent of Semiozerny, several Russian families had formed a settlement on the shores of Lake Kayrankul (one and a half kilometers from the village to the west). There was a shop there, a grocer. Even then, merchants began to stay in our region.
Subsequently, along with the growth of Semiozerny and the emergence of other villages, the number of merchants also grew. Many of them were very rich, having their shops in the city of Kustanai and a number of villages in the county (Nikonov, Gabitov and others).
The place where Semiozernoye is now located was called Aulekul by the Kazakhs. Translated into Russian "Sacred Lake". As you know, there are many lakes in Semiozernoye, which of them and why is called Aulekul?
Regarding which lake was so called, there are several opinions of old-timers. Some believe that this lake was understood as Kupalnoye, others - Komsomolskoye, and others - Uchitelskoe.  A clear answer to this question is given by an archival document about our resettlement area.
It directly states that the site is cut at Lake Aulekul. From here, Kupalnoe could not be called Aulyekul, if only because it is located not in the village, but at a distance from it, where there were no settlements. Of the lakes located on the territory of the village, the most significant (more beautiful, largest) is Uchitelskoe.
It is indisputable that the Kazakhs called Teacher Lake Aulekul. Subsequently, they began to call Semiozernoe that way. Why Teacher Lake was called a sacred lake. Only legends can answer this question, and there are several of them. One of them tells that on the shore of this lake was the grave of the "messenger of God" on earth - the prophet.
Another legend says the following: on the shore of Uchitelskoye Lake, dejected by melancholy, lies a poor man who has no family, no property. Previously, he lived with a large bai, but then he was guilty and was driven away by him.
An old man approaches this man. He wakes up the poor man, asking him: why is he lying here, why is he not working anywhere. The poor man replies that he has nowhere to work and nowhere to work. In response to this, the elder says: "Get up, get out of here, you will have a family, and cattle, and a yurt, and land."
So did the poor man. The predictions of the old prophet come true. The former poor man becomes a rich and noble man. Why such a legend about a sacred lake could appear in our places? It is not difficult to understand this, given that the nature of our places is very beautiful, rich and diverse: beautiful lakes with fresh water, springs, pine forests, birch forests, beautiful pastures and hayfields.
There were a lot of berries in the forests and birch forests (cherries, strawberries, stone berries, wild currants). As you know, when spring came, nomads moved with their cattle from south to north. The environs of Semiozerny were a wonderful place where they could stop and rest, feed and water the cattle.
For the construction of dugouts and sheds, wood could be found here. That is why the Kazakhs of the entire Steppe region knew about Aulekula. A little earlier, in comparison with other settlements of the county, the Aulyekul school appeared, or as it was then called the Russian-Kyrgyz two-year school (six years).
This school is listed in the report for 1891. In the beginning, only Kazakhs studied there, and since 1892, Russians began to study as well. This school was built together with the boarding school in 1891 and burned down in 1921 (at that time it housed an orphanage).
The new building was built in the same place, that is, on the northwestern shore of Uchitelskoye Lake in 1929. This school building was built during one summer. The first settlers of our village were residents of Samara and some other provinces of the Volga region.
These included the Siyanov brothers, Gubarev brothers, Kholodkov, Sazonov, Petrov. Ukrainians, mostly from Chernihiv and Kharkov provinces, arrived here later, starting in 1905. The Semiozernoye beginning is populated from the side of Ozernaya, Oktyabrskaya, Kustanaiskaya, Lenina, Pozharnaya, Samarskaya streets.
In 1906, the modern Lenin Street ended right at the oil industry. There were no streets in the Green Wedge area. There were forges around Komsomolskoye Lake. On the southern shore of this lake there was a steam mill, which belonged to a credit partnership (“State-owned” mill). It subsequently burned down (in 1923).
Tarana Street began to be populated mainly after the arrival of Ukrainian settlers in the village. There were many windmills in the village, which, when steam mills appeared in 1908, could no longer compete with them, and therefore were sold to other villages.
The White Mill appeared in the village in 1923. It was purchased by private individuals in the village of Uspenovsky, Fedorovsky District. In 1937, this mill burned down completely. A new mill was built on the same site in 1942.
There were oil mills and hullers (peeling) in Semiozerny. All of them belonged to private individuals. Already by 1906, there were many private shops in our village, including Mukhamadiev's large shop (the old wing of the district department store).
In 1908, Nikonov's large store was built (corner of Samarskaya and Lenina streets). This building now houses a grocery store. The building of the modern district hospital was built in 1886. Its construction was carried out by the volost governor of the Amankaragai volost, bai Mukash, with the people's money.
This is the oldest building in Semiozerny. In 1909, Semiozernoe was on fire. The fire started from the yard of S. Siyanov. Half of the village burned down. In 1911, there was a shortage of crops in our area, caused by drought and locusts.
The dam near the Zaprudnoye Lake was built in 1911. The former so-called State barn, now the elevator of the Baimagambetov collective farm, was built in 1913 - 1914. The church was built at the expense of the rural community in 1909. In its place there used to be a prayer house.
For several years it housed a parochial school founded in 1901. She was with a three-year term of study. Then, in 1911, the parochial school moved to a rebuilt building (where the seven-year school is now located). In the Aulyekul two-year school, children were taught not only by teachers, but also by clergy - a priest and a mullah.
Already in 1910, a Tatar school was opened in the village. The students were taught by a teacher and a mullah. In 1938, a Kazakh seven-year school was opened. A building was built for her (where a communal bath is now being built).
In 1945, this building burned to the ground. Since 1946, the Kazakh secondary school has been located in the current building. It was built in 1940. The elementary school building was built in 1958. Prior to that, the school was located in many buildings in our village.
The first "light bulb of Ilyich" was lit in our village in 1925. The credit partnership opened a power plant. In the same year, a tractor appeared, which was the property of the committee of peasant mutual assistance. The first collective farm in our village appeared in 1930 (“Steppe”).
His board was located where the district financial department is now located. The radio station appeared in 1933. Telephone connection with Kustanai in 1932. Opening of the club named after Rosa Luxembourg in the premises of the former church.
1929 GAKO.
For the first time, a Russian seven-year school in our village appeared already in Soviet times on the basis of the fifth grade, which was opened at the Semiozernaya Primary School in 1927. The first director of this school was already an elderly teacher who arrived from the village from Ukraine, Mosenko Roman Iovich.
The first graduation of students who completed the seven-year plan was in 1930. V. Tyurin was then the director of the school. Later, the seven-year school was transformed into a secondary school. Life in our region is getting better and better every year.

Authority  and photos
"The Path to Communism". 1960 A. Murzaev.
http://kostanay1879.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1864&Itemid=46